The Philippines elects on national level a head of state (the President) and a legislature. The president is elected for a six-year term by the people. The vice-president is elected at the same time on a separate ballot. The Philippines elects on a local level governors, vice governors, board members, mayors up to the barangay officials and the Sangguniang Kabataan members which is mandated in the current Constitution of the Philippines and the Local Government Code of 1991.
The Congress or Kongreso has two chambers. The House of Representatives or Kapulungan ng mga Kinatawan has currently 240 seats elected for three-year terms, of which 212 seats are contested in single seat constituencies and, 23 are allotted to party-lists according to proportional representation, which are only accessible to marginalized and under-represented groups and parties. The Philippine constitution prohibits the House of Representatives to have more than 250 members. The Senate or Senado has 24 members who are elected for six-year terms at-large and do not represent any geographical district. Half of the Senate is renewed every three years.
The Philippines has a multi-party system, with numerous parties in which no one party often has a chance of gaining power alone, and parties must work with each other to form a coalition government. The Commission on Elections is responsible for running the elections.
Under the Constitution, general elections for the President, Vice President, Congress and local officials occurs after the President and Vice President finishes their terms. While the Congressional elections occurs on mid-term of the incumbent President. Barangay and Sangguniang Kabataan elections are now done at the same time after the Congressional elections.
Upcoming national and local elections
Latest elections
2007 House election
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discuss –
Summary of the 14 May 2007 House of Representatives of the Philippines election results
| Parties |
Seats |
Proportion (%) |
This is the division of seats as published on the website of the House of Representatives.
The first party affiliation mentioned is counted. This is not the result of the elections. |
Lakas-Christian Muslim Democrats + Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino
(Includes SARRO, BO-PK, PROMDI, KDT, Padajon Surigao, 1-CEBU, BALANE, UNA, and PTM)
|
92+49
(141)
|
38%+20.3%
(58.3%)
|
| Nationalist People's Coalition (Includes Achievers with Integrity Movement) |
28 |
11.6% |
| Liberal Party |
16 |
6.6% |
| Nacionalista Party (Includes Abante Viscaya) |
8 |
3.3% |
| United Opposition |
7 |
2.9% |
| Partido ng Demokratikong Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan |
4 |
1.7% |
| Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino |
4 |
1.7% |
| Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino |
3 |
1.3% |
| Partido Demokratiko Sosyalista ng Pilipinas |
3 |
1.3% |
| Kilusan ng Bagong Lipunan |
1 |
0.4% |
| Independents |
4 |
1.7% |
| Buhay Hayaan Yumabong |
3 |
1.3% |
| Bayan Muna |
2 |
0.8% |
| Citizen's Battle Against Corruption |
2 |
0.8% |
| Gabriela Women's Party |
2 |
0.8% |
| Association of Philippine Electric Cooperatives |
2 |
0.8% |
| Abono |
1 |
0.4% |
| Advocacy for Teacher Empowerment Through Action, Cooperation and Harmony Towards Educational Reforms, Inc. |
1 |
0.4% |
| Agricultural Sector Alliance of the Philippines, Inc. |
1 |
0.4% |
| Akbayan ! Citizens' Action Party |
1 |
0.4% |
| Alliance of Rural Concerns |
1 |
0.4% |
| Anak Mindanao |
1 |
0.4% |
| Anak Pawis |
1 |
0.4% |
| An Waray |
1 |
0.4% |
| Cooperative NATCCO Network Party |
1 |
0.4% |
| Luzon Farmers Party |
1 |
0.4% |
| You Against Corruption And Poverty |
1 |
0.4% |
| Total |
242 |
100% |
| Source: Congress Web site |
discuss –
Summary of the 14 May 2007 House of Representatives of the Philippines Party-List election result
| Party-list |
Votes |
% |
Seats |
| Below is the result of the party-list vote. Most seats in the Congress are not elected through the party list system. |
| Buhay Hayaan Yumabong |
1,169,248 |
7.42 |
3 |
| Bayan Muna |
976,699 |
6.20 |
2 |
| Citizen's Battle Against Corruption |
755,605 |
4.79 |
| Association of Philippine Electric Cooperatives |
621,211 |
3.94 |
1 |
| Gabriela Women's Party |
621,086 |
3.94 |
| Advocacy for Teacher Empowerment Through Action, Cooperation and Harmony Towards Educational Reforms, Inc. |
487,354 |
3.09 |
| Akbayan ! Citizens' Action Party |
466,019 |
2.96 |
| Alagad |
423,090 |
2.68 |
| Cooperative NATCCO Network Party |
409,812 |
2.60 |
| Luzon Farmers Party |
409,133 |
2.60 |
| Bagong Alyansang Tagapagtaguyod ng Adhikaing Sambayanan |
385,654 |
2.45 |
| Alliance of Rural Concerns |
373,840 |
2.37 |
| Anak Pawis |
369,366 |
2.34 |
| Abono |
339,897 |
2.16 |
| Anak Mindanao |
338,125 |
2.15 |
| Agricultural Sector Alliance of the Philippines, Inc. |
328,649 |
2.09 |
| Total |
30,049,524 |
|
21 |
| Source: COMELEC |
2007 Senatorial Election
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e • d Summary of the 14 May 2007 Senate of the Philippines election results
| Rank |
Candidate |
Coalition - Party |
Votes |
| 1. |
Loren B. Legarda |
Genuine Opposition - NPC |
18,501,209 |
| 2. |
Francis Joseph G. Escudero |
Genuine Opposition - NPC |
18,264,889 |
| 3. |
Panfilo M. Lacson |
Genuine Opposition |
15,508,966 |
| 4. |
Manuel B. Villar, Jr. |
Genuine Opposition - NP |
15,338,249 |
| 5. |
Francis N. Pangilinan |
Independent - LP |
14,534,322 |
| 6. |
Benigno Simeon C. Aquino III |
Genuine Opposition - LP |
14,309,093 |
| 7. |
Edgardo J. Angara |
TEAM Unity - LDP |
12,657,538 |
| 8. |
Joker P. Arroyo |
TEAM Unity - KAMPI |
11,802,870 |
| 9. |
Alan Peter S. Cayetano |
Genuine Opposition - NP |
11,787,475 |
| 10. |
Gregorio B. Honasan II |
Independent |
11,605,433 |
| 11. |
Antonio F. Trillanes IV |
Genuine Opposition - UNO |
11,189,467 |
| 12. |
Juan Miguel F. Zubiri |
TEAM Unity - Lakas CMD |
11,004,099 |
|
|
|
|
| 13. |
Aquilino L. Pimentel III |
Genuine Opposition - PDP-LABAN |
10,984,807 |
| 14. |
Ralph G. Recto |
TEAM Unity - Lakas-CMD |
10,721,088 |
| 15. |
Michael T. Defensor |
TEAM Unity - Lakas-CMD |
9,938,816 |
| 16. |
Prospero A. Pichay, Jr. |
TEAM Unity - Lakas-CMD |
9,798,355 |
| 17. |
Sonia M. Roco |
Genuine Opposition - AD |
8,457,710 |
| 18. |
Cesar M. Montano |
TEAM Unity - Lakas-CMD |
7,800,179 |
| 19. |
Vicente C. Sotto III |
TEAM Unity - NPC |
7,638,260 |
| 20. |
John Henry R. Osmeña |
Genuine Opposition - UNO |
7,266,905 |
| 21. |
Vicente P. Magsaysay |
TEAM Unity - Lakas-CMD |
6,357,769 |
| 22. |
Anna Dominique M. Coseteng |
Genuine Opposition - Independent |
5,274,571 |
| 23. |
Teresa Aquino-Oreta |
TEAM Unity - NPC |
4,361,969 |
| 24. |
Luis C. Singson |
TEAM Unity - Lakas-CMD |
4,353,556 |
| 25. |
Richard I. Gomez |
Independent |
2,725,618 |
| 26. |
Sultan Jamalul D. Kiram III |
TEAM Unity - PDSP |
2,488,553 |
| 27. |
Melchor G. Chavez |
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan |
843,675 |
| 28. |
Martin D. Bautista |
Ang Kapatiran |
761,157 |
| 29. |
Zosimo Jesus M. Paredes II |
Ang Kapatiran |
713,812 |
| 30. |
Joselito Pepito P. Cayetano* |
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan |
510,340 |
| 31. |
Adrian O. Sison |
Ang Kapatiran |
402,324 |
| 32. |
Oliver O. Lozano |
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan |
305,637 |
| 33. |
Antonio L. Estrella |
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan |
285,479 |
| 34. |
Victor N. Wood |
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan |
283,033 |
| 35. |
Felix C. Cantal |
Philippine Green Republican Party |
123,602 |
| 36. |
Eduardo F. Orpilla |
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan |
107,512 |
| 37. |
Ruben C. Enciso |
Kilusang Bagong Lipunan |
100,517 |
| Note: A total of 37 candidates ran for senator.1 |
Source: COMELEC.gov.ph website |
2004 Presidential election
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e • d Summary of the final official congressional canvass of the 10 May 2004 Philippine presidential election results
| Candidate |
Party |
Votes |
% |
| Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo |
Lakas-Christian and Muslim Democrats / Koalisyon ng Katapatan at Karanasan sa Kinabukasan |
12,905,808 |
39.99 |
| Fernando Poe, Jr. |
Koalisyon ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino |
11,782,232 |
36.51 |
| Panfilo Lacson |
Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (Agapito Aquino Wing) |
3,510,080 |
10.88 |
| Raul Roco |
Aksyon Demokratiko / Alyansa ng Pag-Asa |
2,082,762 |
6.45 |
| Eduardo Villanueva |
Bangon Pilipinas Movement |
1,988,218 |
6.16 |
| Total |
32,269,100 |
100.0 |
Past elections and referendums
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