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Zakarid Armenia
Fief of Georgia, then of the Mongols
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1201–1330s
Zakarid territories in the early 13th century.
Capital Ani
Political structure Fief
Historical era Middle Ages
 - Established 1201
 - Disestablished 1330s

The term Zakarid Armenia (Armenian: Ô¶Õ¡Ö„Õ¡Ö€ÕµÕ¡Õ¶ Õ€Õ¡ÕµÕ¡Õ½Õ¿Õ¡Õ¶), is used to describe territories of Armenia given to the Zakarid-Mxargrzeli princes as a fief by Tamar, the queen of the Kingdom of Georgia.

History

Following the collapse of the Bagratuni Dynasty of Armenia, Armenia was successively occupied by Byzantines, Seljuqs and other Muslim states1.

During the 12th century the Bagratids of Georgia enjoyed a resurgence in power, and managed to expand into Moslem occupied Armenia.2 Despite some complications in the reign of Giorgi III, the successes continued in the reign of the Queen Tamar.2 This was chiefly due to the Zakarid generals Zakarē and Ivanē.2 Around the year 1199, they took the city of Ani, and in 1201, the grateful Tamar gave Ani to them as a fief.2 Eventually, their territories came to resemble those of Bagratid Armenia.1

When the Khwarezms invaded region, Dvin was ruled by the aging Ivanē, who had given Ani to his nephew Shanshe(Shahanshah), son of Zakarē. Dvin was lost, but Kars and Ani did not surrender.2

However, when Mongols took Ani in 1236, they had a friendly attitude towards the Zakarids.2 They confirmed Shanshe in his fief, and even added to it the fief of Avag, son of Ivanē. Further, in 1243, they gave Akhlat to the princess T’amt’a, daughter of Ivanē.2

After the Mongols captured Ani in 1236, the Zakarids ruled not as vassals of the Georgians, but rather the Mongols.1 Their descendants continued to hold Ani until the 1330s, when they lost it to a succession of Turkish dynasties, including the Kara Koyunlu, who made Ani their capital.1

References

  1. ^ a b c d Sim, Steven. "The City of Ani: A Very Brief History". VirtualANI. http://www.virtualani.org/history/part1.htm. Retrieved 2007-07-15. 
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Minorsky, Vladimir (1953). Studies in Caucasian History. New York: Taylor’s Foreign Press. pp. 102–103. ISBN 0521057353. 


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